CyberSecurity - Few differences which kept me bothering !!

1. Difference between Risk, Threat and Vulnerability

Risk is the potential for loss, damage or destruction of assets or data caused by a cyber threat. Threat is a process that magnifies the likelihood of a negative event, such as the exploit of a vulnerability. And a vulnerability is a weakness in your infrastructure, networks or applications that potentially exposes you to threats.  

https://www.kennasecurity.com/blog/risk-vs-threat-vs-vulnerability/

2. Difference between Vulnerability and Exposure (as the acronym "CVE" contains both)

According to the CVE website, a vulnerability is a mistake in software code that provides an attacker with direct access to a system or network. For example, the vulnerability may allow an attacker to pose as a superuser or system administrator who has full access privileges. An exposure, on the other hand, is defined as a mistake in software code or configuration that provides an attacker with indirect access to a system or network. For example, an exposure may allow an attacker to secretly gather customer information that could be sold.

https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/definition/Common-Vulnerabilities-and-Exposures-CVE

3. Difference between Event, Alert and Incident

A security event refers to the security-impacting activity that occurred. Alerts are the notifications — often found in logs or derived from analysis and a correlation of logs —  a system sends to inform IT and IS teams of the event. Incidents are high-impact security events that have a significant negative impact on a business as a whole and require significant effort to identify, mitigate and remediate. An event may be irregular and/or minor but does not seriously impact a business, or an event could be highly disruptive and possibly cause a loss of revenue, making it an incident.

https://www.deepwatch.com/education-center/what-is-the-difference-between-a-security-incident-an-event-and-an-alert/

4. Difference between Exploit and Payload

Payload refers to the part of malware which performs a malicious action. An exploit (meaning "using something to one’s own advantage") is a piece of software, a chunk of data, or a sequence of commands that takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unexpected behavior to occur on computer software, hardware, or something electronic. Such behavior includes things like gaining control of a computer system or a denial-of-service attack.

https://www.ques10.com/p/67205/difference-between-payload-and-exploits-in-syste-1/?#:~:text=Exploits%20give%20you%20the%20ability,like%20denial%20of%20service%20exploits.

Please refer the links above for more information.

Happy Learning !!