Zero Trust and PoLP are both key security concepts in access management, but they differ in scope and application. Here’s a breakdown of their differences:
1. Zero Trust
Concept: "Never trust, always verify."
Scope: Network and access security as a whole.
Approach:
--> Assumes that no user, system, or network component-inside or outside of the network—can be trusted by default.
--> Requires continuous verification of every user, device, and application trying to access resources, regardless of their location (internal or external).
--> Uses methods like MFA, network segmentation, and identity-based controls.
--> Implements monitoring and verification at every step of access and ensures all requests are authenticated, authorized, and encrypted.
Goal: Prevent unauthorized access and lateral movement within the network, reducing the attack surface and limiting the scope of potential breaches.
2. PoLP
Concept: Users or systems should only have the minimal level of access necessary to perform their job or function.
Scope: Primarily focuses on restricting permissions for users, applications, or systems.
Approach:
--> Grants only the access rights and permissions that are essential for performing required tasks.
--> Ensures that users or systems can’t access unnecessary data or resources, reducing the risk of abuse or exploitation of excessive privileges.
--> Access is frequently reviewed and adjusted based on changes in roles, tasks, or system needs.
--> Commonly used for managing user roles, service accounts, and resource access in applications, databases, and infrastructure.
Goal: Minimize the risk of privilege escalation and data breaches by limiting access to only what is necessary.
**Key Differences**
Scope:
--> Zero Trust is a broader security model applied to the entire network, assuming no entity is trustworthy.
--> PoLP is a specific access control principle applied to users and systems, focusing on restricting permissions to the minimum necessary.
Focus:
--> Zero Trust focuses on verifying every access attempt from anywhere, treating every user, device, and connection as potentially compromised.
-->PoLP focuses on minimizing access rights for users or systems, reducing the potential damage if credentials are compromised.
Use Case:
--> Zero Trust is often implemented in organizations to secure a distributed workforce or cloud-based infrastructure.
--> PoLP is used in managing user roles, service permissions, and resource access within applications or systems.
In Practice:
--> Zero Trust enforces continuous authentication and validation for access across the network, while also applying PoLP at each stage to ensure minimal access rights are granted.
--> PoLP is a subset of the access control strategies that can be used within a Zero Trust framework to further minimize risk by tightly controlling privileges.
Happy Learning !!
CyberSecurity VulnerabilityManagement
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